Carbon emission refers to the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere, primarily from human activities. These emissions are closely tied to the use of fossil fuels like coal, gasoline, diesel, and natural gas. Everyday activities such as transportation, industrial production, and building operations would also generate significant carbon footprints.
Globally, the energy, industrial, transport and construction sectors are responsible for the vast majority of greenhouse gas emission, exceeding 90% in national inventories in most cases. Hence decarbonization remains the major target for most high-emission industries producing steel, cement, petrochemicals, etc.